Second Language Environment Creation

前言
As we previously introduced, kids’ language sensitivity usually occurs at the age from 0 to 6. Dr. Montessori gives some advises in her book about how parents can do to provide a suitable environment for their children to master a second language. In this article, we will introduce specific methods and sequence of learning a second language during the language sensitive period.
在之前的文章中我们有分享一个观点——孩子的语言敏感期通常发生在0岁到6岁。关于父母应该如何为处在语言敏感期的孩子提供适宜的语言学习环境,帮助孩子更好地掌握第二语言,在蒙特梭利博士在原著中有给出了一些建议。今天这篇文章,我们将进一步分享具体的方法和实施这些方法的顺序。

Parents presents the names of a few objects in a three-period learning method and places the corresponding word slips under the objects.
爸爸妈妈们可以将家中物品拍照制作成图卡,使用三阶段教学法( 命名 - 联结 - 说出名称)学习一些家里常见物品的名字。同时制作每个物品对应的词卡,然后在物品图卡下方放置对应的词卡。这样可以帮助孩子快速掌握常见物品的英语口语词汇,同时也形成视觉记忆。

Parents let the child trace the sandpaper letters and introduces the letter sounds with a three - period lesson .
After the child has mastered the sounds of the letters of the alphabet , he may listen to them on the tape while he is tracing the respective letters .
父母准备砂纸字母板(可以自制),让孩子沿着砂纸字母板描摹,然后用三阶段教学法介绍26个字母的发音。当孩子掌握了字母的发音后,可以尝试让孩子一边描摹字母时一边听对应字母的音频,做到视觉和听觉合一。

Parents place the box of letters on the floor and shows them to the child. Ask child to find a letter saying the sound of the letter. When the child knows the position of the letters,parents help the child to build two or three letter phonetic words without giving the translation of the words .
The child can then use the pink object boxes and build two or three letter phonetic words ( eg : cat ).
Later , the child uses the blue object boxes and builds phonetic words which have one or two silent consonants .( eg: who, ghost ).
爸爸妈妈将移动字母盒放在地上,给孩子们展示字母。父母说出字母的发音,然后邀请孩子找到对应的字母。当孩子知道了字母在单词序列里的位置后,父母再根据发音引导孩子建构两个或三个字母组合拼读的语音意识,当然,此时无需告诉孩子单词的意思。
孩子可以用粉色的物品盒练习两个或三个字母组合的词汇。(例如:cat)
之后,孩子用蓝色的物品盒练习两个或三个不发音辅音组合的单词。(例如:ghost里的h,who里的h)

The child labels the objects in the room.
让孩子给家里的物品贴英文标签,帮助孩子巩固单词,并创建自己的英语环境。

Parents take the box to the table and shows the child how to match the articles and nouns to the animals.
For example:
The white lamb is jumping
The brown horse is in the barn
The little dog sits.
爸爸妈妈们可以准备一些小玩具,比如桌子上可以摆放2种颜色的小箱子,不同颜色的箱子里装有对应颜色的卡片。一类箱子里装的卡片颜色展示的是名词,另一类箱子里卡片颜色展示的是冠词,然后进行匹配游戏,向孩子展示如何将冠词和名词与动物相匹配。
例如:
白色小羊在跳(冠词the, 名词lamb),
那匹棕色的马在马厩里(冠词the, 名词horse),
小狗坐着(冠词the, 名词dog)。

Parents take a noun card, and adjective cars and an article card and matches the cards to a house object.
For example
Table
A big table
The table
爸爸妈妈准备一类名词卡片、一类形容词卡片和一类冠词卡片,并将这些卡片与家里的物体相配对(每一类词性用不同的颜色卡片)。
例如:
桌子(名词table),
一张大桌子(冠词a,形容词big,名词table),
这张桌子(冠词the,名词table)。

Parents prepare some materials and shows the child how to match the opposites and then places them under the heading cards:“Opposites”.
For example
Big - Small
Up - Down
Right - Left
In- out
爸爸妈妈准备一些呈现相反状态的小物件,并向孩子展示如何配对反义词,展示完成后,将相反状态的物品放在标有“相反词Opposites”的标题卡下(同样可以用颜色区分)。
例如:
大 - 相反词:小
上 - 相反词:下
左 -相反词:右
里 - 相反词:外
黑 - 相反词:白

Parents prepare three different sizes of bottles to kids, and put them under the heading cards: “comparative” and “superlative “
Here are three bottles of drink. Bottle one is big. Bottle two is bigger than bottle one. Bottle three is the biggest of the three bottles
爸爸妈妈可以准备三个大小不等的瓶子并展示给孩子,展示完成后,依次将不同尺寸的瓶子放在写有“比较”和“最”的卡片下。
例如:这里有三个瓶子。第一个瓶子大,但第二个瓶子比第一个瓶子要大(将第二个瓶子放在 写有“比较”的字卡下,第三个瓶子是三个瓶子中最大的一个(将第三个瓶子放在 写有“最”的字卡下。
The above is about the second language relate activities that parents can do at home with their children during the language sensitive period. Now, it’s time to start!
以上是关于孩子语言敏感期爸爸妈妈们可以在家里和孩子一起进行的第二语言启蒙活动,那么爸爸妈妈们可以根据这些活动建议,开始动手制作一些蒙特梭利教具咯!
